I-HJ 1453-2026 “Umgangatho Wamanzi – Ukumisela i-Cu, i-Pb, i-Cd, i-Ni kunye ne-Cr – i-Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry” ikhutshwe ngokusesikweni njengesiseko esibalulekileyo sokufumanisa iintsimbi ezinzima kumgangatho wamanzi kwaye iza kuqala ukusebenza ngoMeyi 1, 2026. Lo mgangatho ubonelela ngeenkcukacha zobugcisa ezinegunya nezithembekileyo zokumisela ezi zinto zintlanu zibalulekileyo zesinyithi esinzima emanzini angaphezulu, amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, amanzi amdaka asekhaya kunye namanzi amdaka emizi-mveliso. Xa kukho ulwalathiso olungqongqo kunye neemfuno eziphezulu zokufumanisa, i-graphite furnace atom absorption spectrophotometry iya kuba yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuxhasa ukujonga isinyithi esinzima somgangatho wamanzi ngobuntununtunu bayo obuphezulu, umda wokufumanisa ophantsi kunye neempawu ezivuthiweyo nezizinzileyo.
I-BFRL WFX-220A Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer
1 Uvavanyo
1.1 Ukulungiswa kwesixhobo kunye ne-reagent
I-WFX-220A Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer: BFRL;
Isixhobo sokugaya i-microwave kunye nesixhobo sokuxhasa ubushushu obukrelekrele esilawula ubushushu: Yiyao Technology, M3;
isisombululo esiqhelekileyo seCu, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr (1000 μg/mL); I-asidi yeNitric, i-hydrochloric acid, kunye ne-palladium nitrate zonke zicocekile kakhulu.
1.2 Ukulungiselela isampuli
Emva kokuqokelela isampuli, yongeza ubungakanani obufanelekileyo be-nitric acid ukuze ulungise i-asidi ibe yi-pH≤2, uyigcine kwindawo emnyama, kwaye uyilinganise zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-40.
Linganisa ngokuchanekileyo i-25.0 mL yeesampuli zamanzi angaphezulu kwi-microwave digestion tank, yongeza i-3 mL ye-nitric acid kunye ne-1 mL ye-hydrochloric acid, uze uzifake kwi-microwave digester ukuze zigaywe (Itheyibhile 1). Emva kokugaya, zipholise kubushushu begumbi, zibeke kwi-electric thermal digester, uze uphefumise isisombululo ukuze some. Susa uze usipholise, hlamba udonga lwangaphakathi nge-1% ye-nitric acid ubuncinane izihlandlo ezi-3, uludlulisele kwityhubhu ye-25ml colorimetric, nciphisa umthamo nge-1% ye-nitric acid kwi-reticle, shukumisa kakuhle, uze uvavanywe.
Itheyibhile 1 Inkqubo yokufudumeza ukugaya nge-microwave
| Ubushushu bokugaya ukutya | Ixesha lokufudumeza (min) | Ixesha lokubamba (min) |
| Ubushushu begumbi→120℃ | 0 | 3 |
| 120→150℃ | 0 | 3 |
| 150→180℃ | 0 | 20 |
1.3 Iimeko zovavanyo
I-atomic absorption spectroscopy isetyenzisiwe kuhlalutyo, kwaye iimeko zesalathiso sezixhobo ziboniswe kwiTheyibhile 2 ngezantsi.
Itheyibhile 2 Iimeko zesalathiso sesixhobo sesithando segrafiti
| I-elementi | Cu | Pb | Cd | Ni | Cr |
| Isibane sangoku | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Ubude bamaza | 324.7 | 283.3 | 228.8 | 232 | 357.9 |
| Ibhendi yeSpectral | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Ubushushu bokomisa (℃)/Ixesha (s) | 120/30 | 100/30 | 100/30 | 100/30 | 100/30 |
| Ubushushu bomlotha (℃)/Ixesha (s) | 900/30 | 550/15 | 550/15 | 800/15 | 850/15 |
| Ubushushu be-atomization (℃)/Ixesha (s) | 2300/3 | 2200/3 | 2000/3 | 2500/4 | 2500/3 |
| Umthamo wenaliti (μL) | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Umthamo wenaliti yokuphucula iMatrix (μL) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Indlela yokulungisa imvelaphi | Isibane seDeuterium | Isibane seDeuterium | Isibane seDeuterium | Isibane seDeuterium | Isibane seDeuterium |
Uqwalaselo lokuphucula i-matrix: linganisa i-0.1g ye-palladium nitrate, yongeza i-1mL ye-nitric acid (2.1) ukuze inyibilike, uze ubeke umthamo kwi-100mL ngamanzi elebhu.
Ukuzoba ii-curves ezisebenzayo: Izisombululo ezisemgangathweni ezifumanekayo kurhwebo ze-Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni kunye ne-Cr (1000 μg/mL) zaxutywa inyathelo ngenyathelo, zalungiswa zaba yi-50 μg/L, 10 μg/L, 1 μg/L, 30 μg/L, kunye ne-10 μg/L yesisombululo esisetyenzisiweyo, kwaye i-curve yokumisela i-dilution ye-single-point yenziwe nge-autosampler.
2 Iziphumo kunye nengxoxo
Phantsi kweemeko zovavanyo ezikhethiweyo, ubudlelwane obuthe ngqo bebulungile kwi-0~50μg/L kwiCu, 0~10μg/L kwiPb, 0~1μg/L kwiCd, 0~30μg/L kwiNi, kunye ne-0~10μg/L kwiCr, enokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-0.999; I-calibration curve iboniswe kuMfanekiso 1~ Umfanekiso 5 ngezantsi.
Umfanekiso 1 Ijika lokulinganisa i-Cu
Umfanekiso 2 Ijika lokulinganisa i-Pb
Umfanekiso 3: Ijika lokulinganisa i-CD
Umfanekiso 4 Ijika lokulinganisa i-Ni
Umfanekiso 5 Cr ijika lokulinganisa
Isisombululo esingenanto salungiswa ngokwendlela yovavanyo kwaye kwenziwa izilinganiso ezili-11, kwaye umda wokufumanisa indlela yokubala yayiyi-17.34pg yeCu, i-1.51pg yePb, i-0.42pg yeCd, i-17.77pg yeNi, kunye ne-1.28pg yeCr.
Iisampulu zamanzi angaphezulu anyangiweyo avavanyiwe phantsi kweemeko zovavanyo ezikhethiweyo, kwaye iziphumo zovavanyo ziboniswe kwiTheyibhile 3 ngezantsi.
Itheyibhile 3Iziphumo zokumisela iisampulu zamanzi angaphezulu
| I-elementi | Isampulu 1 | Isampulu yesi-2 | ||
| Amaxabiso alinganisiweyo （μg/L） | Izinga lokubuyisela elinomphunga (%) | Amaxabiso alinganisiweyo （μg/L） | Izinga lokubuyisela elinomphunga (%) | |
| Cu | 18.7 | 94.5 | 24.2 | 92.1 |
| Pb | 1.2 | 97.8 | 1.4 | 99.6 |
| Cd | 0.06 | 91.2 | 0.06 | 94.5 |
| Ni | 7.9 | 102.3 | 8.2 | 97.4 |
| Cr | 1.3 | 105.5 | 1.8 | 96.9 |
Izixhobo zesalathiso zeCu, Pb, Cd, Ni, kunye neCr zivavanywe izihlandlo ezisi-7 zilandelelana, kwaye iziphumo zovavanyo ziboniswe kwiTheyibhile 4 ngezantsi.
Itheyibhile 4Iziphumo zezixhobo zesalathiso zeCu, Pb, Cd, Ni, kunye neCr
| into | inombolo | ixabiso elilinganisiweyo （μg/L） | Imilinganiselo （μg/L） | Ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo (%) |
| Cu | I-GSB 07-3186-2014 | 497±25 | 522.00 | 1.9 |
| Pb | I-GSB 07-3186-2014 | 0.241±0.012 | 0.243 | 2.1 |
| Cd | I-GSB 07-3186-2014 | 0.138±0.008 | 0.137 | 1.5 |
| Ni | I-GSB 07-3186-2014 | 258±14 | 253.4 | 2.6 |
Ukusuka kwiTheyibhile 3 kunye ne-4, ukubuyiswa kwe-Cu, i-Pb, i-Cd, i-Ni kunye ne-Cr kwisampuli yamanzi angaphezulu yi-91.2% ~ 105.5%, kwaye ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kwesampuli esemgangathweni yi-1.5% ~ 2.6% kwiimilinganiselo ezi-7 ezihambelanayo.
3 Isiphelo
Ngokweemfuno ze-“Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard” (GB 3838-2002), umxholo we-Cu, Pb, Cd kunye ne-Ni emanzini angaphezulu uhlangabezana nomgangatho wamanzi weKlasi yesiBini. Ngeli xesha, i-WFX-220A atomic absorption spectrophotometer yasetyenziswa ukumisela i-Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni kunye ne-Cr ngokubhekiselele kwi-HJ 1453-2026 “Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni kunye ne-Cr kuMgangatho waManzi yi-Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry”, kwaye iziphumo zenqanaba lomda wokufumanisa, ukuchaneka kwesampuli kunye nokuchaneka kwazo kwanelisa.
I-WFX-220A i-atomic absorption spectrophotometer inovakalelo oluphezulu, ukuchaneka okuhle kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Eyona nto iphambili kuyo yinqanaba eliphezulu lokuzenzekelayo, i-flame kunye ne-graphite furnace zinokutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo ngokucofa kanye, zidibene nolawulo lokuhamba oluchanekileyo kunye nesoftware ekrelekrele enesiseko sedatha esakhelwe ngaphakathi, ukusebenza okulula nokusebenzayo. Kwangaxeshanye, isixhobo samkela uyilo oluyimodyuli lokugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla, kwaye sineendawo ezininzi zokhuseleko kunye nokhuseleko lolawulo lobushushu oludibanisa isoftware kunye nehardware ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungenakuphepheka. Ukongeza, ikwaxhasa indlela yelangatye elinobushushu obuphezulu, indlela ye-hydride kunye nolwandiso lwe-autosampler ezahlukeneyo, ezinokuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zohlalutyo lwesinyithi kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ukutya kunye namayeza kunye nezinye iinkalo.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-15-2026